Compressor or pump



. Oct. 10, 1933.v A E, wlLsQNy I 1,929,997

COMPRESSOR OR PUMP Filed July 25, 1928 '2 sheets-sheet 1 Oct. 10, 1933.

E, wlLsN COMPRESSOR OR PUMP I 2 sheets-sheet 2 Filed July 23, 1928 Patented Oct. 10, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE 1 Claim.

This invention relates to compressors or pumps and, while it is designed specially for use in the compression of refrigerant gas, it is capable of useful application to other purposes.

An object of the invention is to provide a machine for use as a compressor or pump and comprising a stationary cylindrical head, a cylinder enclosing the head and cooperating therewith to form a compression chamber, and a rotary shaft which is rotative with respect to the cylinder and the head and which is formed with an 'eccentric enclosed by a bushing on which a hub of the cylinder is mounted, whereby the cylinder is operated to eiect compression of gas in said chamber.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved variation of the type of compressor or pump disclosed in my companion application iiled July 2, 1928, Serial No. 289,758. The present machine is a simplification of the compressor or pump disclosed in said application but dispenses with some of the parts therein disclosed.

Other objects will appear from the following description, reference being made to the drawings in which Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional View of one embodiment of my improved machine.

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a vertical cross sectional View of the stationary head or machine element about which the cylinder operates.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing a type of valve capable of use to control the discharge of air or gas from the compressor or pump.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the valve and the cage in which it is mounted.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the cage without the valve.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a spring element which may be used to press the cylinder against the stationary head about which the cylinder operates.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional View of the radially movable blade or plate mounted in the stationary head.

The machine shown comprises a base 1 having an annular depending portion 2 and an upwardly extended portion 3 having, a downwardly tapered b part 2.

A frame, comprising a vertical portion 6 which is preferably circular in cross section and a bearing 7 integrally united with the vertical portion -6, is attached to the base 1 by bolts 8, and is enclosed Within a housing 9 fastened to the base 1 by bolts 10. The bearing 7 is in vertical axial alinement with the bearing 5. The bearing 5 is lined by a bushing 11 and the bearing 7 by a bushing 12.

An electric motor 13 is attached to the support 6 within the housing 9, the wires 14 for said motor entering the housing through ttings 15 supported by a removable plate 16 forming a closure for an opening 17 into the housing.

A cylinder 18 is mounted around the head 3 and is operative to compress the air or gas entering the space between the cylinder and the head. The internal diameter of the cylinder is greater than the diameter Cof the head 3. The lower end 19 of the cylinder 18 operates in close contact with a smooth wall 20 formed on the base 1 and extending radially from the head 3. The upper end of the cylinder 18 has an end wall 2l extending radially toward its axis and operating in close contact with the upper end of the head 3.

One side of the head 3 is formed with a wide slot 22 (Fig. 2) extending the full length of the head from the wall 20 to the cylinder Wall 21. A plate or blade 23 is mounted for radial sliding movements in said slot.

A cup retainer 24 is mounted for sliding movements in a cylindrical hole 25 in the inner edge of the plate or blade 23 and encloses a spring 26 having one end bearing against the inner end wall of said cup retainer and the opposite end bearing against the bottom:- of the hole 25 in the plate or blade 23.

A shaft. 27 is connected with the motor 13 for rotation thereby, and is journaled for rotation in the bushings 11 and l2. This shaft 27 has an'eccentric portion 28 bearing upon a thrust collar 29 supported on the bearing 5. The cylinder 18 has a hub 30 which is concentric with the cylinder. This hub is provided with a bushing 31 mounted on the eccentric 28. These parts should be fitted and assembled in such manner as to permit the shaft 27 and its eccentric 28 to rotate without rotating the hub 30 or the cylinder 18. The eccentric 28 is within the recess 4 and the hub 30 extends downwardly into said recess, which eccentric is of sucient size to permit al1 the necessary movements of the hub 30 without moving said hub into contact with the' wall of said recess. The cylinder end wall 21 has holes 32 therethrough opening into the recess 4 in alll positions of the.cylinder 18 so as to permit free circulation of oil therethrough.

The inner end of the spring retainer cup 24 abuts against the hub and thereby causes the spring 26 to press the plate or blade 23 outwardly in a radial direction, so that the outer edge of said plate or blade is at all times in contact with the inside of the cylinder 18 throughout the entire length of said cylinder and the head 3. These parts are thoroughly lubricated at all times because of the fact that they are submerged in oil.

By reference to Fig. 2 it will be seen that when the machine is in operation the radial distance from the inner end of the spring retainer cup 24 to the outer edge of the plate or blade 23 remains approximately constant because the radii from the hub 30 to the inner periphery of the cylinder 18 remain constant. That is, the axis of the hub 30 is the axis of the cylinder 18, so that the radial distance from all points around the periphery of the hub to all points of the inner circumference of the cylinder 18 is the same. So, the spring 26 is under an unvarying compression and is not materially varied by expansion or contraction.

In order to counterbalance the eccentric 28 and the cylinder 18 I provide a counterbalance weight 33 which is removably secured on the o shaft 27 by a set screw 34. This counterbalance weight, of course, extends oppositely from the eccentric 28 and one of its functions is to maintain the operating mechanism in a balanced condition. Another function of the counterbalance weight is to serve as an abutment for a spring plate 35 having a number of appropriate spring arms 36 bearing against the wall 21 of the cylinder 18. This spring device functions to hold the cylinder 18 yieldingly in cooperative relationship to the head 3.

When the machine is ready for use it contains oil up to about the line 37 (Fig. 1), the oil having free circulation through holes 38 in that part of the frame 6 which supports the bearing 7,

through the holes 32 in the cylinder end wall 21 and through a passage 39 in the head 3 and the base 1. In this way all of the operating mechanism below the bearing 7 is constantly submerged in oil. The close fitting of the cylinder wall 21 against the upper end of the head 3 and the close The air or gas to be compressed or pumped enters the machine from a pipe 40 opening into an angular passage 41 through the annular portion 2 of the base 1 and opening through the periphery of the head 3 near the forward side of the plate orblade 23 (Fig. 2). Near the opposite side of the plate or blade 23 the head 3 is formed with an outlet passage 42 having at its lower end a lateral branch 43 (Fig. 3) communicating through a passage 44 with the inside of the upper portion of the housing 9 above the oil level 37. From the housing 9 compressed air or gas is conducted through a pipe 45 to a condenser (not shown) or elsewhere. Thus the compressed air or gas obtained by operation of the machine is confined in the housing 9 and exerts a downward pressure against the oil in said housing cooperating with the spring 35-36 to hold the cylinder 18 in position in which its lower end is in close contact with the wall 20 and in which its wall 21 is in close contact with the upper end of Athe plate 47 being clamped between the end of the.

part 2 and the pump housing. The wall of the chamber 48 within the pump housing is eccentric, having a shoulder 49 at one side of an outlet 50. A pipe 51 leads from the outlet 50 to a cooler (not shown) and thence through a pipe 52 into the housing 9.

An oil pump device 53 is attached to and supported by the lower end of the shaft 27 Within the housing 46. The bale 47 extends inwardly beyond the vertical plane of the periphery of the pump device 53 so that the oil is forced out through the opening 5() and into and through the pipe 51.

When the machine is ready for use it contains oil to about the line 37. When the motor 13 is started the shaft 27 is rotated with the result that the eccentric 28 operates the hub 30 and thereby the cylinder 18 in a manner to create suction through the inlet 41, causing air or gas to enter the cylinder 18 through said inlet. As the cylinder 18 is operated by the eccentric 28 the air or gas is forced outwardly through the outlet opening 42. This outlet passage 42 is equipped with a valve comprising a cage 54 confiningI a valve disc 55 between the cage and a plug 56 having a hole 57 in continuation of the passage 42. When it is time to discharge the compressed air or gas during operation of the machine, the valve disc 55 is against the cage 54 (Fig. 5) so that the compressed air or gas passes through the hole 57 around the valve disc 55 and outwardly through the passage 42.

From the foregoing it will be seen that this machine is of a simplified construction, efficient in its operation, and that most of the operating parts are constantly submerged in oil so that a minimum of resistance is encountered in operation. I have employed a minimum number of parts for operating the cylinder 18 and have provided an arrangement and construction whereby the actuating spring for the plate or blade 23 is under a practically constant and unvarying tension and is not subjected to the undesirable effects of expansion and contraction. No unusual or diicult manufacturing problems are encountered.

The radial width of the plate or blade 23 is only slightly less than the radial distance from any point on the periphery of the hub 30 to the periphery of the head 3. Thus, should the plate or blade 23 become stuck in its inward position in the slot in the head 3 in which it is mounted to such an extent that the spring 26 would not effectively move said plate or blade from its stuck position, it is apparent that, as the eccentric 28 rotates about its axis opposite the inner end edge of the plate or blade 23, said plate or blade would be positively forced outwardly from its set or stuck position. Then, too, the cup retainer 24 for the spring 26 is of such length that it would force the plate or blade from its set position as an incident to the rotation of the eccentric 28. Oil may enter and pass from the spring retainer cup 24 through a hole 24a.

The construction, arrangement and relationship of the parts may be varied within equivalent limits without departure from the nature and principle of the invention. I do not restrict myas Lesage? 3 tending concentrically through said head and journalled in said bearings, an eccentric on said shaft between said bearings within said hub and arranged to operate said cylinder about said head, and means for circulating oil into contact with al1 of said parts.

EDWARD WILSON. 

